Archive for the ‘Europe’ Category

posted by Catherine on Feb 16

As part of the ‘Making Wildlife Watching Easy’ series, here’s a nice simple wildbird guide: How to tell the difference between Blue Tits and Great Tits.

These 2 garden birds are both small, both love feeders, both look blue and yellow and both sing pretty songs – so how can you tell them apart?

Well the answer is ‘easily, if you know what to look for’.

So, what is the difference between a Blue tit and a Great tit?
Well, there are many differences, but the easiest thing to spot at the feeders is that the Great tit has an almost entirely black head and neck apart from a giant white cheek pouch – see below:

Great Tit - Showing Head Colours

Once you can spot this – all the other differences aren’t so important. However saying that, I still haven’t got it spot on yet. I have to watch them for a while until I am sure.

And although pictures of them side by side can clearly show you the differences, when they are upside on a feeder with 10 other Blue or Great tits – it’s not so easy, so you can also look at their behaviour too to tell them apart.

blue and great tits
Creative Commons License photo credit: Mostly Dans

Blue tit on the left and Great tit on the right. Did you get it?

So, based on your observations outside – I have written down the main differences below as they are ‘clear’ differences – things that you can see in a second – rather than saying Species A has ‘a slightly bigger patch of white’, etc. These things should be obvious to you, with or without binoculars:

Great Tit – Totally black head and neck with giant white cheek patches.
Great Tit – Wide black solid line from chin to underbelly in adults splitting the yellow breast in half.

Great Tit in the Snow
Creative Commons License photo credit: ahisgett

Blue Tit – Light blue ‘cap’ on top of head – seperated by a white band around the head.
Blue Tit – Dark line running through the eye, with white feathers above and below it.

Blue Tit
Creative Commons License photo credit: chapmankj75

Obviously there are natural variations on this like juvenile Great tits don’t have the solid black chest line or bold white cheek patches, but still don’t have the dark eye stripe of the Blue tits.

What If It Looks Like A Great Tit But Isn’t Blue Or Yellow?
Coal tits are another common garden bird and can look a bit like both the Great and Blue tits, but for a few observable differences.

They have the same black head and large white cheek patches of the Great tit but have a seemingly longer flatter head giving them the appearance of having ‘no neck’. They do have a grey/blue back, but do not have a yellow chest at all, it is normally buff to brown.

Coal Tit - Showing White Cheek Patches

posted by Catherine on Jan 29

Michel Thomas Language Series – The 8 Part Course For Beginners.

Format: 8 CDs

Style: This course is completly reliant on you listening to his voice and the efforts of his 2 students. He basis his teaching on ‘No Books, No Writing – Just Confidence In Hours’, so just sit back and listen your way to a new language.

Language: Latin/Roman Script – (My Language: Same)
Have I Tried This Language Before? – Yes, but I have only learnt basic phases – Michel promises to teach you how to use the language rather than just repeat it.

General Comments:
I love it! Seriously – it wasn’t the same old things as all the other language courses.

There was no ‘Hello my name is….’ or ‘I am from….’ or even ‘Where is the tourist office/train station/chemist’, infact we hardly learned any nouns at all.

So how can you learn a language without pages and pages of fruits, vegetables and furniture? With ease! These can all come later as Michel Thomas teaches you how to use verbs to express yourself.

Once you know a verb – you can use it to mean dozens of different things; and use these verbs alongside ‘it’, ‘that’ and ‘this’ and add in a ‘here’, ‘there’ and ‘tomorrow’ and you can say what ever you want.

If you only learn the nouns you can only ask the same question or state the same thing to use any number of nouns (for example ‘I like dogs/cats/cheese’ or ‘I want a sandwich/coffee/room’) whereas I can easily now say plenty of more interesting things like ‘I don’t like that’, ‘I don’t want to go there today’ and ‘Will you buy that for me tomorrow as I can’t buy it myself today’.

It really immerses you in the very heart of the language rather than skirting you around the edges. And although every single thing he said hasn’t stayed stuck in my mind and I get some of the verbs mixed up – I feel so much more confident about the language.

And it’s great to listen to other people trying to learn at the same time as you on the CD – almost like you are in a classroom. That way you can feel that you are doing as well as or even better than the students in the recording – or huff at yourself when you can’t remember the verbs and they say it for you! The number of times I said to myself ‘oh I knew it!’.

There were times when a whole section went over my head the first time, but then I just went back over that section again a second time and more of it slipped into place!

I have learnt so much more than I expected on this course as it is so different from the other approaches that I have reviewed on this site. You really have to try it for yourself.

So if you are bored of the ‘standard’ approach of ordering food and taking directions at the start of every language course; then maybe it is time you tried the Michel Thomas way!

Ease Of Use: 5/5

Result: Finished And Confident

Reason: Perfect Layout For Me

posted by Catherine on Nov 19

Rather than investing in gold or oil – why not invest in the planet?

When you have some ‘spare’ money – you tend to run to the bank with the best APR or whatever – planning for your future obviously.

But aren’t you forgetting about what ‘investment’ actually means?

If the money at the end of your pension is all you want to invest in – then I hope you don’t mind giving up a few things along the way; like rainforests, rural communities, biodiversity and everything else that we are trying to save at the moment!

What sort of holiday do you think you will be spending all your savings on when you retire in 30 years if the sea levels have risen, all the coral has died, countries are at war over resources and people in the developing world can’t afford to eat?

The Baddies?
Well, that would be you wouldn’t it?  Big ‘Bad’ businesses still need to go on - I mean we still need oil and coal to run just about everything we own at the moment (just think of everything you need that doesn’t need or run on electricity or petrol/diesel)!  So at the minute they are not baddies through choice – but you are.

You can make a decision to spend your money on green and eco investments and technologies – and by doing so you are helping to make the alternatives the new mainstream.  If people want change then businesses will make changes.

We take care to only buy things that we approve of, and check whether it’s sustainable, fair trade or organic – but we seem to forget this all when we use banks! 

Think Ahead:
By asking your bank or financial advisor where your money will be invested – or actually seeking out an eco investment in the first place – you could actually be making your future a whole lot better.

Like with timber schemes.  By using your ‘spare’ money to grow hectares and hectares of young trees for timber you will not only be making a nice return on your investment – you will also be preserving that woodland and the animals and plants that live there and creating a carbon sink (where the growing trees absorb and store CO2 from the environment).  It will also be creating a sustainable and natural supply of building materials as well as a whole host of employment opportunities.

And of course, if you are using this land for wood production – then you don’t need to raid wood from actual forests.  By growing a variety of soft and hardwoods from scratch – you can divert attention away from illegally logging ancient woodlands and raiding pristine forests.

Kerr-ching!

posted by Catherine on Oct 22

.
Spring is in the air – and you might not ever have to be again!

One of the largest and most comprehensive adventure travel shows is back on the schedule – and gives you plenty of time to start your own research into your next eco adventure!

If you are thinking about a volunteer Gap Year, a few months independent green travel, starting a career in travel writing or just trying something totally different – then the Outdoor Adventure Travel Show 2011 in London is the place you should really be planning for.

Not only are there travel companies galore to visit, but there are also writing and photography seminars, travel clinics and discount clothing and equipment all waiting in 1 place for you.

Who Can You Ask?
If you are thinking about trying something a little bit ‘new’ or stepping out into the wide world for the first time, then you should really get several opinions on locations, projects and transport from experts.

Not just a travel agent – as they tend to sell package deals and flights only – if you want a real eco adventure or to try out some green travel packages, then you need to speak to the people who specialise in that.

In the same way that a car salesman can’t give you the best advice to drive around the world and an estate agent can only give you a few general tips on how to spot an eco home - a high street travel agent can’t really offer green advice based on experience.

You need to weed out the ‘generalists’ and look for the specialists.

The Plan:
Needless to say – if you just turn up to this event on a whim you will still have a great time and gets lots of great information – but you won’t really be gleaming the best of the best.

As the show isn’t until January 2011 – you have 3 months to get researching yourself.  Find out what possible dates are for travel; which countries or regions you are hoping to travel to – and how you plan to get there.

That way you have a rough plan in mind before you come face to face with the experts!  What if there is a great deal on a trip to Asia – but you hadn’t looked into opportunities in that area before – you might go away feeling like you have to start all over again.

What if you had been thinking about travelling from A to B to C – but then find out that you had the seasons all wrong and it will be the rainy season in the tropics - or the dry season when you arrive at fjords or great waterfalls!

If you have your plan already set out in your head, then you can bend and twist that plan once you have discussed a few things.  If you have no plan at all when you arrive then you could be quite overwhelmed – maybe even coming away from the show with 15 years worth of travel ideas rather than the 6-month trip you were hoping for!

The Dates:
Well, the show isn’t until the end of January, so you have plenty of time to get some of your basics together.

Whether it’s toying with a new language, thinking about a route across the globe or worrying about your carbon footprint – start putting pen to paper (or fingers to keys) and get some sort of structure to your plan.

Check on the Adventure Show website and see what’s on offer and which lectures or workshops might be of use to you in advance and start to give your eco holiday a backbone.  Maybe even set out a budget in advance and plan to buy the things you need at bargain show prices!

posted by Catherine on Sep 25

Rather than plan to drive to a cute English village, or rural retreat - hop on a train!

You might have read my previous article about getting by without a car – it wasn’t a happy ending!  However, I have found a great reason to leave the car at home:

Rail Travel.

Instead of just using the train to get to work along with a few hundred other commuters early in the morning – I used the train to go to Paris for the weekend!

When you take into account the environmental cost of driving myself for miles across the countryside on windy stop-start lanes to an out of the way cottage – it was better to hop on a train which was already going the way I wanted!

To Paris We Went!
Well, lets be honest – the train was leaving the main Ebbsfleet International Station with or without me – so I wasn’t really costing the Earth any more carbon than it was already going to create on its short journey under the Channel!

Eurostar, St Pancras
Creative Commons License photo credit: Whiternoise<

I know that a full train uses more electricity than an empty train – but still not as much energy as with everyone driving on their own.  And anyway; if you could ever find those 4 more people to share your car journey to that little secluded hotel for your break to save emissions – then it won’t be a secluded little hotel anymore!  It would be virtually full!

And, this little trip was so fast, that I arrived in France in no longer than it would have taken me to get from home down to the West Country to that hidden village – and it was more comfortable – and there was no traffic to sit in!

I still got to see all the rolling countryside of both the UK and abroad without having to worry about which side of the road I was on or whether there were any speed bumps in the road!  I just enjoyed the ride!

Be Eco Civilised:
So, maybe public transport for my shorter journeys was a complete disaster – but for longer trips it really gets the thumbs up!  I mean, you can hop on a train close to home and get just about anywhere!

Whether you arrive at the Caledonian Sleeper platform at Kings Cross to stay in a highland castle, or depart from the St Pancras Europe platform for a vineyard chateau – you won’t be disappointed.

On the long distance trains you get to buy your tickets in advance and choose your seating – and there is plenty of legroom!  There is no need to stand in the doorways either holding onto a post for dear life – it is like stepping into a hotel to some extent.

You are greeted at the desk or on boarding; your seats are clean, buffet cart is as standard – and sometimes meals are even included.  There are power points onboard, toilets are clean and the windows are huge!

There is no 2 hour check-in and security checks at every turn – and there is no need to stop for petrol or oil checks – and there is no chance at all of getting lost!

All that time and effort saved or reduced compared to other forms of transport only highlights train travel as the most eco friendly long-distance overland travel option.

What Else?
Well, due to the demands of many – there can be a certain commercial aspect surrounding the whole experience – but this doesn’t have to count against it.

For example, taking Ashford International Station as an example, these large commuter areas have started to cater for your every need – including huge shopping centres. Ashford has a huge shopping complex attached to the rail link with food, clothes and all sorts of consumables that shoppers demand in such places.  And you just need to glance at the St Pancras website (stpancras-international.co.uk) to see the terminal facilities you can use while waiting for your train!

And without these large commercial buildings – some eco friendly projects just wouldn’t get the money for their developments.  Without the financial input of large companies paying rent to these places – they just wouldn’t get built!  So go easy on the fast food chain next time you are passing, or buy your book for the journey from inside the station – as it is these companies that are funding your exciting journey!

Bon Voyage!

posted by Catherine on Sep 12

My Eco Adventures Review:  A Visit To Pulborough Brooks – West Sussex – Late Spring

I decided to visit this reserve after reading a lot about the RSPB and having known the lower parts of the River Arun for some time – but having never explored the higher water.

It was also summer and there were enticing stories about adders mating and butterflies galore on the website. And a new area of heathland being developed on site too.  So we packed a nice lunch and headed off.

My Walk:
Arriving in the ample carpark, we settled into the shade and gathered our bits together before heading into the main building.

There was a spacious shop inside as well as loads of information about the site and a delightful looking restaurant – however, we headed straight out into the reserve – heathland first.

So heading back out across the carpark, we followed a short footpath to a viewpoint overlooking the pine plantation and some barren looking land.  It was a sunny day, so we were hoping for plenty of reptiles and butterflies – but instead found young roe deer, messy squirrels and nesting wrens!

Circling a large area of fenced in plantation we found many plants – but it was all very same-same and very close to the road – so we headed up over the hill-fort remains and back into the main reserve.

Through the main building again and off towards an open area with a small church and houses to the side.  Inside the tiny churchyard we found orange-tips all over the place as well as meadow flowers knee-deep.  A great spot for lunch!

The short walk with full tums toward the flood plains was filled with butterflies – dozens of them everywhere, from painted ladies to large whites – and the sun was really shining now!  We sat next to the Highland cattle field with their ‘white’ calf for a while listening to bird song and practising butterfly identification ‘on the wing’.

Down into the dingly dangly dell was filled with passerines and cheeky jays as we headed towards the first hide.  We were virtually there all by ourselves as we scanned the horizon filled with shelducks, Canada geese and a few young herons!

Then came some people (!) so that was that for the waterfowl!  We headed back up onto drier land still with birds and butterflies all around – we really were making very slow progress here with so much to see!

By the time we got around to the ‘adder alley’ to see the sparring males – it was way past 3pm and the sun wasn’t so warm.  Maybe we should have come here first – or faster!

So after scouring the ground and the low gorse very closely we found none – but did view plenty of evidence of the large herd of deer that live around here!  And at the next hide we found the footprint makers!  About 50 of them all relaxing on the other side of the marsh!  What a site – apparently they were a domestic herd that escaped and found living here quite to their liking!

We headed back to the centre totally exhausted and thrilled with our sD card filled to the brim with great shots!

Site Name: Pulborough Brooks – SSSI – RSPB
This reserve is located in West Sussex just to the west of Pulborough village on the A283 and is on the River Arun (and tidal).

It costs £3 (or larger donation) per adult to visit the centre although there are plenty of free footpaths and bridlepaths leading from the carpark – and you can visit the restaurant without having to pay the entrance fee.  It has plenty of toilets, the store and membership desk.

The carpark is huge and the reserve is well signed from the road and there is a bus stop outside and Pulborough train station is a longish road walk or cycle away!

posted by Catherine on Jul 3

It can be eco friendly to take less medicines on vacation, so pick your destination well!

If you are hoping to go to a far flung travel destination, it’s not all vaccinations and tablets – and in fact these can add to your eco footprint along the way.

Now I am not saying don’t take medication if it is available and recommended by your doctor or travel clinic – but maybe by choosing your destination with some care – you can avoid the potential for disease and so reduce your chemical uses!

All medications – even the contraceptive pill and paracetamol can leave chemical residues in the environment so lets not be silly here – but if you choose from malaria-free countries, you could have a less stressful holiday too!

So here is just a simple list or the main malaria free holiday destinations by continent that you could consider:

Continental Europe:
Every country in Europe (2010) does not have any malarial risk, including the whole of Russia.

Africa:
The only countries currently listed as malarial-free destinations are Tunisia, Lesotho and Libya as well as the Seychelles.  However seasonal variations mean that many other destinations will be declared ‘malaria free’ for months at a time – as will certain cities which are above a certain height.

The Middle East:
Due to the harsh dry climate, countries like Jordan, Israel, Kuwait, Kazakhstan, United Arab Emirates (Dubai), Bahrain, Kyrgyzstan, Lebanon and Qatar are all declared as malaria-free countries – so no worries here!

Central & South East Asia:
The islands of Japan, North Korea and South Korea are free as well as the expanse of Mongolia, but all other tropical areas and islands are at risk virtually all the time.

However, there are 2 cities in south-east Asia that do remain malaria free amid the jungles and swamps – Brunei and Singapore.

North America:
The whole of North America (including Hawaii) Canada and Greenland are not in any way at risk of malaria – so any vacations here will not require malarial medication.  The area though does still have other illness in the more remote areas – so don’t think any destination is completely safe!

The Caribbean:
The islands making up the Caribbean are as good as free of the disease, apart from the island that makes up Haiti and the Dominican Republic.  But do check for local reports if travelling to swampy areas.

Central & South America:
Unfortunately these areas are dotted with various patches of malaria in all the forested and wetland areas – so you need to be specific about where you travel to.  The only countries in Central or South America that are completely free of malarial risk are Chile and Uruguay.

Other Destinations:
The delightful Maldives in the Indian Ocean are always a popular destination not only due to their dazzling beauty, sandy islands and azure dolphin filled waters – but also because of their malaria-free situation – unlike neighbouring Sri Lanka!

Needless to say; Australia, New Zealand and all affiliated islands are completely risk-free for this disease – but of course have plenty of other things to worry the tourist!

However, bite avoidance is an obvious first step in any holiday destination – as insect bites can pass on many such debilitating diseases! 

Just make sure that you are aware of all the risks in all the destinationsyou are considering before you use this guide to choose your next eco holiday!

posted by Catherine on Jun 13

That just means taking part in a butterfly counting survey to assess the surrounding environment!

A few months ago there was a nighttime lepidoptera survey taking account of local moths – but now the daytime equivalent is approaching – and a lot more people can join in!

All you have to do is go sit in your garden, a local park, national park or nearby woodland and watch the butterflies passing by!  You can even do this on a walk in the countryside or along a riverbank and count the butterflies that you pass by!  Sir David Attenborough will be taking part too – as will Alan Titchmarsh!

It takes place in the height of summer (24th July – 1st August) as most of the native butterflies are in their adult form at that time – and the bright sunshine is what makes them active!  This gives you plenty of time to learn to id British butterflies before the survey…..

Step 1:
So to get prepared – go to their website and download yourself a butterfly identification sheet to show the most common butterflies that you will encounter on the count.

By learning these few, it will help you to better participate in the count as many butterflies look very similar to others unless they land closeby to you and hold their wings open until you have a good look!

By looking out for these species in advance of the count you will have learnt to identify some of the more common types in advance, so you can focus on learning many more species.  If you just turn up on the day with the id sheet, you won’t be able to give as good results as if you had put in a bit of advance research!

Small Tortoiseshell Butterfly

Small Tortoiseshell Butterfly

Step 2:
Read the Butterfly Conservation website for great advice about butterflies, moths and our environment.  They believe that these creatures react very quickly to environmental changes and so can be seen as a great indicator or environmental change – hence the survey.

Butterflies are plant specific in that the adults feed (mainly) on one plant species, and their young will feed (mainly) on another single species – and this is where they lay their eggs.  Therefore if certain plants are becoming rarer or more abundant in response to changing habitats, industrial pollution or the effects of changing climate - these species will have to move from one region to another.

By mapping these movements and general trends over time, they will be able to monitor such national changes and try to see if there are any changes we could make to reverse or encourage such trends.

Step 3:
The count itself takes place between the given dates and you can do as many counts you want in that time and in as many different locations as well. 

This means that you can not only help out with the research by submitting more than 1 set of results, but that you can take your new found identification skills out to new habitats to see – and identify – as many different butterfly species as possible.

For example; sitting in my mum’s garden I mainly see speckled woods, in my sisters garden it is large whites and on the South Downs it is peacocks and small tortoiseshells!  It all depends on the proximity of their food and egg plants in the main – and by finding an established sallow plantation (and a lot of luck I am told) I saw my first purple emperor!

Anyway – record your sightings during just a 15 minute period at any time throughout the survey week following the guidelines on the website, and then you have up until the end of August 2010 to submit your results on the website form online.

Step 4:
Now you know how to identify some common butterfly species – why not take part in other surveys in your area for the Butterfly Conservation Trust or other local or national groups?

Any by finding their associated plants you could then learn more about their habitats and start to become involved at a local nature reserve surveying plants as well.  It take time to get to learn identification skills – so you need to get lots of practice.

And once you have the skills – why not put them to good use?

posted by Catherine on May 8

Did you know that 27 European Union countries are now using the same emergency services number?

Now, you know that you can call an emergency expert wherever you are on the continent – from France to Finland, Sweden to Spain – it’s all the same number: 112.

Of course, some countries still have other numbers working alongside this, like the UK still uses 999 – but generally, all 112 numbers are directly sent to the emergency services of that country, or are diverted to a place where they can be effectively dealt with!

Why Know This?
Well, when you are backpacking across countries, or travelling by train – you never know quite where you are going to end up that night.  Sometimes you may only be in a certain country for a few hours as you pass through, and others you might turn up in and stay for months!

So, it’s not likely that you will learn and remember all the different numbers – but what if you see an emergency situation like a house on fire, or are involved in an incident?

But, how can you help if you don’t know who to call?
Two things can really help in this type of situation and they are as follows:

1) Your Cell Phone:
All GSM phones are pre-programmed to recognise their local emergency numbers – for example 999 in the UK.  This means that you can get through to an emergency service immediately if you dial this number – even if their is no SIM card in your phone!

It will also let you dial this number when your keypad lock is on or when you dial the emergency number instead of your pin – it is designed to do this to get your call answered as soon as possible and therefore your emergency service to deal with the situation without delay – I mean every second really does count when there are lives involved.

And, because it is registered as an emergency number, it also gets priority over other numbers in the pecking order of networks.  This means that if you witness an accident and call 112 your call will get put straight through, while other callers might be made to wait for a ‘line’.

So, it is worth checking that you phone does this for the countries you are planning to visit for any length of time – so that your calls are taken seriously.

2) The Number 112:
Yes, there are other emergency numbers for a variety of specific services – like coastguard and drugs hot lines in many countries – but you will get straight through to an expert if you dial 112.

So rather than either panic and try to find someone to help or guess at a number to call, you can at least try 112 first.  And if it’s not the first choice number of the country you happen to be in – at least it will be a trained emergency service person that you speak to. 

For example in Norway, 112 will get you straight to the Police, whereas you need to dial 113 for an Ambulance – however at least you know that the Police will be more help to you than a farmer you happened to find down the road!

Other Tips?
Make sure that you take out travel insurance before you travel.  I know the emergency services will come to your aid, but medical treatment, helicopters and other rescue services could well charge you thousands!  And make sure you read the policy details before you go too – as not calling them before getting treatment could void some policies completely!

Also try to take a Basic First Aid course before heading off on longer journeys or at least get a medical tips book to cover all the basics.  I mean knowing the simple cures and treatments for common holiday woes could save you a lot of wasted time – and make sure that you buy remedies locally rather than taking a whole pharmacological first aid kit with you from home!

And finally – if you accidentally dial this or any other emergency number – DO NOT HANG UP.  The person on the other end of the phone may think that you are incapacitated or unable to continue with the call due to some type of emergency!  And we don’t want them to waste time finding out…….

So, stay on the line and explain why you no longer need them – otherwise they could be wasting money and resources trying to locate you again to help you out – when in fact you are just now carrying on along your journey without a care in the world!

Take Care!

posted by Catherine on Apr 18

Why not use the ‘no flights’ situation to help persuade others to travel by train or boat!

We know that you can get around Europe very easily by train, coach and boat – so why not help revive their use during this time of aviation standstill!

Rather than just listen to your friends and work colleagues worry and moan about how their holidays or whatever are ‘ruined’, why not help them find alternative routes to the destination using more eco friendly means.

Depending on their insurance policy details and how important their travel is, you could easily find a route to their destination for them using all the support of the internet – and some logical thinking.

The Route:
The hardest part of their journey will not be the crossing of the Atlantic or the 13 hours to South East Asia it will be the parts closer to home.

It’s easy to forget that direct travel isn’t the only option, for example London to the Caribbean doesn’t have to be a one stop shop. Flights go from all over the world to these delightful tropical islands.

So, you can get a flight from Spain to Bermuda or Italy to St Kitts – all you need to do is get to the nearest working airport to your home that is allowing flights.  Whether that involves a boat or a hi-speed train, the result is you get to arrive to your destination.

Now, although this still involves a flight, many trips people are looking to book could easily be shaped by a non-flying decision.  Why not suggest a romantic train ride through the Alps to Italy, or a sail-boat trip around the Mediterranean.

The Alternatives:
Don’t forget that many people will not be so open to looking for other modes of transport of a ‘greener ilk’ and this could be your chance to open their eyes to an alternative means of travel – and possibly a great short haul holiday.

And, if you are offering to take the sting out of arranging all this for themselves, they may well be more likely to go ahead with it – in the same way that people might not want to cook themselves a vegan meal, but in cooking it yourself they can experience the new!

I’m not suggesting that you start interfering in your friends or bosses lives, but a bit of gentle persuasion never did anyone any harm! 

And if all these people still want to travel after the suspension is lifted you can imagine the number of extra flights that might be laid on to clear the backlog of passengers?

The more of these people who travel by other means can only alleviate the strain.

And, what a great way to a bit more towards reducing air travel!